From f99d52801edc10e8d46dc94089745e8d51d08050 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Maxime MORGE <maxime.morge@univ-lille.fr>
Date: Mon, 3 Mar 2025 11:58:30 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] Test strategy for dictator game
---
README.md | 3 +
figures/dictator/dictator_violin.svg | 243 +++++++++++++++++++++++----
src/dictator/dictator.py | 80 ++++++---
src/dictator/dictator_draw_violin.py | 12 ++
src/dictator/dictator_experiments.py | 2 +-
5 files changed, 281 insertions(+), 59 deletions(-)
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index eda27c6..6b1d288 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ The figure below presents a violin plot depicting the share of the total amount
that the dictator allocates to themselves for each model.
The temperature is fixed at 0.7, and each experiment was conducted 30 times.
The median share taken by GPT-4.5, Llama3, Mistral-Small, and DeepSeek-R1 is 50.
+When we prompt the models to generate a strategy in the form of an algorithm implemented
+in the Python programming language, rather than generating an action, all models divide
+the amount fairly except for GPT-4.5, which takes approximately 70% of the total amount for itself.
It is worth noticing that, under these standard conditions, humans typically keep an average of around \$80
(Fortsythe et al. 1994). It is interesting to note that the variability observed between different executions
in the responses of the same LLM is comparable to the diversity of behaviors observed in humans. In other words,
diff --git a/figures/dictator/dictator_violin.svg b/figures/dictator/dictator_violin.svg
index 77a9572..1289049 100644
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+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-6c" transform="translate(318.896484 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-2d" transform="translate(346.679688 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-73" transform="translate(382.763672 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-6d" transform="translate(434.863281 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-61" transform="translate(532.275391 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-6c" transform="translate(593.554688 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-6c" transform="translate(621.337891 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-20" transform="translate(649.121094 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-73" transform="translate(680.908203 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-74" transform="translate(733.007812 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-72" transform="translate(772.216797 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-61" transform="translate(813.330078 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-74" transform="translate(874.609375 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-65" transform="translate(913.818359 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-67" transform="translate(975.341797 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-79" transform="translate(1038.818359 0)"/>
+ </g>
+ </g>
+ <g id="line2d_30">
+ <path d="M 81 108.972813
+L 91 108.972813
+L 101 108.972813
+" style="fill: none; stroke-dasharray: 7.4,3.2; stroke-dashoffset: 0; stroke: #5862ed; stroke-width: 2"/>
+ </g>
+ <g id="text_17">
+ <!-- deepseek-r1 strategy -->
+ <g transform="translate(109 112.472813) scale(0.1 -0.1)">
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-64"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-65" transform="translate(63.476562 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-65" transform="translate(125 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-70" transform="translate(186.523438 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-73" transform="translate(250 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-65" transform="translate(302.099609 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-65" transform="translate(363.623047 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-6b" transform="translate(425.146484 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-2d" transform="translate(483.056641 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-72" transform="translate(519.140625 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-31" transform="translate(560.253906 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-20" transform="translate(623.876953 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-73" transform="translate(655.664062 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-74" transform="translate(707.763672 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-72" transform="translate(746.972656 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-61" transform="translate(788.085938 0)"/>
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+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-65" transform="translate(888.574219 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-67" transform="translate(950.097656 0)"/>
+ <use xlink:href="#DejaVuSans-79" transform="translate(1013.574219 0)"/>
+ </g>
+ </g>
+ </g>
</g>
</g>
<defs>
- <clipPath id="pe93128f28f">
+ <clipPath id="p2023270996">
<rect x="72" y="51.84" width="446.4" height="332.64"/>
</clipPath>
</defs>
diff --git a/src/dictator/dictator.py b/src/dictator/dictator.py
index 9b1ada3..ea6c441 100644
--- a/src/dictator/dictator.py
+++ b/src/dictator/dictator.py
@@ -21,34 +21,39 @@ class AgentResponse(BaseModel):
# The dictator game simulation class
class Dictator:
- def __init__(self, amount: int, model: str, temperature: float, max_retries: int = 3):
+ def __init__(self, amount: int, model: str, temperature: float, strategy=False, max_retries: int = 3):
self.amount = amount
self.model = model
self.temperature = temperature
+ self.strategy = strategy
self.max_retries = max_retries # Maximum retry attempts in case of hallucinations
- is_openai_model = model.startswith("gpt")
- base_url = "https://api.openai.com/v1" if is_openai_model else "http://localhost:11434/v1"
+ if not strategy:
+ is_openai_model = model.startswith("gpt")
+ base_url = "https://api.openai.com/v1" if is_openai_model else "http://localhost:11434/v1"
- model_info = {
- "temperature": self.temperature,
- "function_calling": True,
- "parallel_tool_calls": True,
- "family": "unknown",
- "json_output": True,
- "vision": False
- }
+ model_info = {
+ "temperature": self.temperature,
+ "function_calling": True,
+ "parallel_tool_calls": True,
+ "family": "unknown",
+ "json_output": True,
+ "vision": False
+ }
- self.model_client = OpenAIChatCompletionClient(
- model=self.model,
- base_url=base_url,
- api_key=OPENAI_API_KEY,
- model_info=model_info,
- response_format=AgentResponse
- )
+ self.model_client = OpenAIChatCompletionClient(
+ model=self.model,
+ base_url=base_url,
+ api_key=OPENAI_API_KEY,
+ model_info=model_info,
+ response_format=AgentResponse
+ )
async def run(self) -> Dict:
- """Runs the model and ensures a valid response."""
+ """Runs the model if strategy is False, otherwise uses a classical method."""
+ if self.strategy:
+ return self.apply_strategy()
+
instruction = f"""
Hi, let’s play a game. You are paired with another player.
Your role is to decide how to divide ${self.amount}, and the other player simply receives your choice.
@@ -84,8 +89,39 @@ class Dictator:
raise ValueError("Model failed to provide a valid response after multiple attempts.")
+ def apply_strategy(self) -> Dict:
+ """Generates a response."""
+ if (self.model == "gpt-4.5-preview-2025-02-27") :
+ my_share = int(0.7 * self.amount) # Example rule: keep 70%
+ other_share = self.amount - my_share
+ motivation = f"Using strategy from {self.model}, I chose to keep {my_share} and give {other_share}."
+ return {"my_share": my_share, "other_share": other_share, "motivation": motivation}
+ if (self.model == "llama3") :
+ my_share = self.amount / 2
+ other_share = self.amount - my_share
+ motivation = "I'm being fair and generous!"
+ agent_response = AgentResponse(my_share=my_share, other_share=other_share, motivation=motivation)
+ return agent_response.model_dump()
+ if (self.model == "mistral-small") :
+ my_share = self.amount // 2
+ other_share = self.amount - my_share
+ motivation = "The decision is to divide the money equally."
+ agent_response = AgentResponse(
+ my_share=my_share,
+ other_share=other_share,
+ motivation=motivation
+ )
+ return agent_response
+ if (self.model == "deepseek-r1") :
+ half_amount = self.amount // 2
+ return {
+ "my_share": half_amount,
+ "other_share": half_amount,
+ "motivation": "Split equally between both players."
+ }
+
# Run the async function and return the response
if __name__ == "__main__":
- game_agent = Dictator(amount=100, model="gpt-4.5-preview-2025-02-27", temperature=0.7)
- response_json = asyncio.run(game_agent.get_valid_response())
- print(response_json)
\ No newline at end of file
+ game_agent = Dictator(amount=100, model="laama3", temperature=0.7, strategy=True) # Toggle strategy here
+ response_json = asyncio.run(game_agent.run())
+ print(response_json)
diff --git a/src/dictator/dictator_draw_violin.py b/src/dictator/dictator_draw_violin.py
index e65878c..6b29ab5 100644
--- a/src/dictator/dictator_draw_violin.py
+++ b/src/dictator/dictator_draw_violin.py
@@ -25,12 +25,24 @@ sns.violinplot(
density_norm="width" # Normalizes the width of the violins for comparison
)
+# Add vertical lines for strategies
+strategy_values = {
+ 'gpt-4.5-preview-2025-02-27': 70,
+ 'llama3': 50,
+ 'mistral-small': 50,
+ 'deepseek-r1': 50
+}
+
+for model, value in strategy_values.items():
+ plt.axhline(y=value, color=color_palette[model], linestyle="dashed", linewidth=2, label=f"{model} strategy")
+
# Set the y-axis limits between 0 and 100
plt.ylim(0, 100)
# Labels and title
plt.xlabel("Model")
plt.ylabel("Share of money assigned to oneself")
plt.title("Distribution of personal share by model in the dictator game")
+plt.legend()
# Save and display
plt.savefig("../../figures/dictator/dictator_violin.svg", format="svg")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/dictator/dictator_experiments.py b/src/dictator/dictator_experiments.py
index 059c29c..a453363 100644
--- a/src/dictator/dictator_experiments.py
+++ b/src/dictator/dictator_experiments.py
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class DictatorExperiment:
# Running the experiment
if __name__ == "__main__":
- models = ["gpt-4.5-preview-2025-02-27", "llama3", "mistral-small", "deepseek-r1"]
+ models = ["llama3", "mistral-small", "deepseek-r1"] # "gpt-4.5-preview-2025-02-27"
temperature = 0.7
amount = 100
iterations = 30
--
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