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Kerautret Bertrand
2019 FBSD
Commits
ee493fc2
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ee493fc2
authored
5 years ago
by
even
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Article : improved expes and conclusion
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Article/abstract.tex
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-2
5 additions, 2 deletions
Article/abstract.tex
Article/conclusion.tex
+23
-17
23 additions, 17 deletions
Article/conclusion.tex
Article/expeV2.tex
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Article/expeV2.tex
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Article/abstract.tex
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@@ -6,5 +6,8 @@ This study is based on a previous work on interactive line detection
in gray level images. At first, a better estimation of the segment thickness
and orientation is achieved through two main improvements:
adaptive directional scans and control of assigned thickness.
Then, a new contribution to the automatic detection of all the segments in
a single image is also proposed and left available in an online demonstration.
%Then, a new contribution to the automatic detection of all the segments in
%a single image is also proposed and left available in an online demonstration.
Then, these advances are exploited for a complete unsupervised detection of
all the lines in a single image.
The new thick line detector is left available in an online demonstration.
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Article/conclusion.tex
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@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
\label
{
sec:conclusion
}
This paper introduced a new straight
edg
e detector based on a local analysis of
This paper introduced a new straight
lin
e detector based on a local analysis of
the image gradient and on the use of blurred segments to embed an
estimation of the
detected edg
e thickness.
estimation of the
lin
e thickness.
It relies on directional scans of the input image around maximal values of the
gradient magnitude, and on
%that have previously been presented in \cite{KerautretEven09}.
...
...
@@ -16,28 +16,34 @@ gradient magnitude, and on
%to the detected blurred segment direction;
%The main limitations of the former approach were solved through
the integration of two new concepts:
adaptive directional scans that continuously adjust the scan strip
to the detected edge direction, and
control of assigned thickness based on the observation of the
blurred segment growth.
Experiments on synthetic images show the better performance
and especially the more accurate estimation of the line thickness brought by
these concepts.
Such a result can not be compared to other approaches since they do not
provide any thickness estimation.
Moreover the performance of the unsupervised mode gives better coverage of
the detected edges and produces quite comparable execution time.
adaptive directional scans
%that continuously adjust the scan strip to the detected edge direction,
and control of assigned thickness.
%based on the observation of the blurred segment growth.
%Experiments on synthetic images show the better performance
%and especially the more accurate estimation of the line thickness brought by
%these concepts.
%Such a result can not be compared to other approaches since they do not
%provide any thickness estimation.
%Moreover the performance of the unsupervised mode gives better coverage of
%the detected edges and produces quite comparable execution time.
Comparisons to other recent line detectors show competitive global
performance in terms of execution time and mean length of output lines,
while experiments on synthetic images indicate a better estimation of
length and thickness measurements brought by the new concepts.
A residual weakness of the approach is the sensitivity to the initial
conditions.
In supervised context, the user can select a favourable area where
the awaited edge is dominant.
This task is made quite easier, thanks to the stabilization produced by
the duplication of the initial detection.
%
This task is made quite easier, thanks to the stabilization produced by
%
the duplication of the initial detection.
But in unsupervised context, gradient perturbations in the early stage of
the edge expansion, mostly due to the presence of close edges, can deeply
the line expansion, mostly due to the presence of close edges, can
% deeply
affect the result.
In future works, we intend to provide solutions to this drawback
In future works, we intend to provide solutions
% to this drawback
by scoring the detection result on the basis of a characterization of the
local context.
%
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Article/expeV2.tex
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@@ -41,22 +41,29 @@ For all these experiments, the stroke sweeping step is set to 15 pixels.
At first, the benefits of introduced concepts are evaluated through a
comparison of the performance of both versions of the detector
on a set of 1000 synthesized images containing 10 randomly
(with and without the concepts) on a set of 1000 synthesized images
containing 10 randomly
placed input segments with random thickness between 2 and 5 pixels.
As these values are controlled, these images can be considered as a
ground truth.
Such controlled images can be considered as ground truths.
The initial assigned thickness
$
\varepsilon
_
0
$
was set to 7 pixels
to detect all the lines in unsupervised mode.
The absolute value of the difference of each found segment to its
matched input segment is measured.
%On these synthetic images, the numerical error on the gradient extraction
%biases the line width measures. This bias was first estimated using 1000
%images containing only one input segment (no possible interaction)
%and the found value (1.4 pixel) was taken into account in the test.
\RefTab
{
tab:synth
}
shows
slightly better thickness and angle measurements for the new detector.
The new detector shows more precise, with a smaller amount of false
detections and succeeds in finding most of the input segments.
Other experiments, also available at the
{
\it
GitHub
}
repository, show
that the new detector is faster and finds more edges than the previous one.
Results in
\RefTab
{
tab:synth
}
show that the new concepts afford
improved thickness and angle measurements, better precision
with a smaller amount of false detections, and that they help to find
most of the input segments.
%\RefTab{tab:synth} shows
%slightly better thickness and angle measurements for the new detector.
%The new detector shows more precise, with a smaller amount of false
%detections and succeeds in finding most of the input segments.
Other experiments, also available at the
{
\it
GitHub
}
repository, confirm
these improvements.
% than the previous one.
%\begin{figure}[h]
...
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@@ -103,8 +110,12 @@ ED-Lines \cite{AkinlarTopal12} and CannyLines \cite{LuAl15}.
The tests are run on the York Urban database
\cite
{
DenisAl08
}
composed
of 102 images with their ground truth lines.
As this database was set in the scope of Manhattan-world environments,
only lines in the three main directions are identified.
only lines in the three main directions are provided.
Initial assigned thickness
$
\varepsilon
_
0
$
is set to 3 pixels, and
final length threshold to 10 points to suit the stroke sweeping step
value.
Results on one image are displayed in
\RefFig
{
fig:york
}
.
Compared measures
$
M
$
are execution time
$
T
$
, covering ratio
$
C
$
,
detected lines amount
$
N
$
, cumulated length of detected lines
$
L
$
and
mean length ratio
$
L
/
N
$
.
...
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@@ -116,8 +127,7 @@ If we assume that a pixel of a ground truth line is identified
if there is a detected line in its 8-neighborhood, then the measure
$
C
$
is
the mean ratio of the length of ground truth line pixels identified on the
total amount of ground truth line pixels.
For all these experiments, detected lines smaller than 10 pixels are
discarded for all the detectors.
Detected lines smaller than 10 pixels are discarded for all the detectors.
Found measures are given in
\RefTab
{
tab:comp
}
.
\begin{figure}
[h]
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